When you apply for SSDI, the SSA reviews how long you’ve worked and how recently. You must have paid into Social Security through payroll or self-employment taxes to qualify.
How much work is required?
Most people need about 10 years of total work.
You must also have worked at least 5 of the last 10 years.
Work doesn’t have to be consecutive or at the same job. It just needs to be on your Social Security record.
If you were self-employed, you must have paid into Social Security on your tax forms.
In some cases, municipal or state jobs pay into a different retirement system (you can check with your employer or SSA if you’re unsure).
What are work credits?
The SSA uses “work credits” to measure your work history.
In 2025, you earn 1 credit for every $1,810 in wages, up to 4 per year.
You need 40 credits total (about 10 years of work).
At least 20 credits must be from the past 10 years.
What if you’re still working?
The SSA also looks at whether you’re working right now.
Most people who qualify for benefits earn less than $1,620 per month before taxes (this is called Substantial Gainful Activity).
If your earnings are close to that amount, qualifying may be more challenging. This is because the SSA may question whether your condition truly limits your ability to work.